Working Of DC Motor (English)

Introduction-    

A DC motor is a machine which when provided with electrical energy, converts it into mechanical energy.

DC motor can also be used in places where speed control is required. That is why DC motors are often used in trolleys, electric rails and production systems or elevators. This 1/100 H.P. Can be made in various sizes up to several thousand H.P.

Working Principle-

A current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, then a mechanical force acts on it, which can be determined by Fleming's left hand rule. This force causes the driving force to move in the direction. This is the principle of motor work.

If the length of the conductor = L meter, area intensity = B Weber per square meter (wb/m2) and current flowing in the conductor = I ampere, the force experienced by the driver will be 

F = IBL Newton.

Now understand the above statement in simple words

Imagine that a currentless conductor (which is not connected to the supply) is placed in the main magnetic field as per the following figure and the magnetic field flows from the conductor to the N pole to the N pole, the air gap. Crosses

Picture (1)

According to Fig. (2) the current is flowing in the conductor but the magnetic effect of North pole and South pole has been removed. In this case, the driver will have its own magnetic field. The magnetic field force lines of the driver will be clockwise according to the cork screw rule.

Figure (2)

According to Figure (3), current is flowing in the conductor and the main magnetic field is also present. The magnetic field generated by the current in the conductor acts with the main field above the driver but opposes the main field below the driver. The result is that flux deposition occurs in the area above the conductor and the flux density decreases in the region below.

Picture (3)

From this it is clear that when the force is acting on the driver, it acts to push the driver downwards as shown by the arrow mark in Fig. (3). | 

According to Fig. (4), if the direction of the conductor is changed, then the flux concentration will be downward and it will try to move the driver upwards. 

In fact, many coils on the armature are coiled. So as soon as the armature rotates in the forward direction, the rear conductor will be coming in place of the former driver which will again have a force effect in the east direction under N and S due to which the armature will rotate in the same direction.
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